National Supervisory Authority & Licensing Qualification Dossier • North America
SEC
ThailandSecurities and Exchange Commission, Thailand
Source / Native Reference: 泰国证券及交易事务监察委员会
- Supervisory tier
- Tier-2
- License classes
- 4
- Licensed records
- 37
- Active / regulated
- 37
Statutory Supervisory Mandate & Scope
Securities and Exchange Commission, Thailand (SEC) is a Tier-2 derivatives, commodities, and market-infrastructure supervisory body in Thailand. It regulates futures commission merchants, derivatives dealers, clearing members, and exchange-traded contract execution, enforcing margin adequacy, position limits, trade reporting, and segregated client collateral protections.
Supervises securities broker-dealers, registered investment advisers (RIAs), national securities exchanges, clearing agencies, alternative trading systems (ATS), ETFs, and public issuer disclosures across U.S. capital markets.
Prudential Tier Assessment
Tier-2Primary G7 federal securities & capital markets supervisor enforcing the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, Investment Advisers Act of 1940, and Investment Company Act of 1940.
National licensing qualifications & statutory authorisation classes (SEC)
Authorisation categories, permitted institutional and retail activities, minimum initial capital adequacy, and ongoing prudential solvency rules enforced by SEC in Thailand.
| License class / code | Official designation | Permitted institutional & retail activities | Minimum initial / base capital | Ongoing prudential & solvency rule |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Form BD (Clearing BD) | Carrying & Clearing Broker-Dealer Registration | Securities execution, margin financing, customer custody, prime brokerage, and institutional clearing. | USD $250,000 minimum Net Capital (or 2% of aggregate debit items under the Alternative Standard; often USD $10M+ for prime brokers). | Rule 15c3-1 Net Capital ratio (maximum 15:1 aggregate indebtedness or ≥2% of customer debit balances) + FOCUS Report Part II filings. |
| Form BD (Introducing BD) | Non-Carrying / Introducing Broker-Dealer | Agency order routing, institutional execution, private placements, and M&A advisory without holding customer funds. | USD $5,000 to USD $50,000 minimum Net Capital depending on dealer vs agency-only scope. | Continuous Rule 15c3-1 compliance, FINRA membership, and annual PCAOB-registered independent audit. |
| Form ADV (Federal RIA) | SEC-Registered Investment Adviser | Discretionary institutional portfolio management, pension mandate advisory, private fund (3(c)(1)/3(c)(7)) and ETF management. | Minimum USD $100 million in Regulatory Assets Under Management (RAUM) for federal registration (no fixed statutory capital floor unless holding custody). | Fiduciary duty under Section 206, annual Form ADV & Form PF filings, and surprise independent custody examination under Rule 206(4)-2. |
| Form ATS-N | Alternative Trading System / Dark Pool Operator | Operation of institutional electronic limit order books and crossing networks for NMS stocks and fixed-income securities. | Subject to Broker-Dealer Net Capital Rule 15c3-1 + Fair Access & Reg SCI systems integrity capital. | Public Form ATS-N order-type/routing disclosures, quarterly volume reporting, and Regulation SCI cyber resilience audits. |
Investor compensation, client money segregation & digital-asset regime
Statutory counterparty protections, custody reconciliation mandates, and virtual-asset licensing status under SEC.
Securities Investor Protection Corporation (SIPC)
- Maximum coverage per client
- USD $500,000 per customer capacity (including up to USD $250,000 for cash claims)
- Eligible counterparties & scope
- Retail and institutional securities brokerage customers of SIPC-member broker-dealers (excludes commodity futures or unregistered digital asset contracts).
SEC Rule 15c3-3 (17 CFR § 240.15c3-3 — Customer Protection Rule)
- Reconciliation & audit cadence
- Mandatory physical possession or control of fully paid and excess margin securities; weekly/daily Special Reserve Bank Account computation.
- Approved custodian requirements
- Qualified U.S. bank or registered clearing agency (DTCC / NSCC) free of any lien or encumbrance by the broker-dealer.
Spot Crypto ETP Approvals, Special Purpose Broker-Dealer (SPBD) & Howey Investment Contract Enforcement
- Travel Rule, custody & stablecoin rules
- Qualified Custodian requirement under Advisers Act Rule 206(4)-2; joint FinCEN BSA/AML Travel Rule compliance above USD $3,000.
Primary Governing Statutes & Rulebooks
- Securities Act of 1933 & Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. § 78a et seq.)
- Investment Advisers Act of 1940 & Investment Company Act of 1940 (Rule 6c-11 ETF Framework)
- SEC Rule 15c3-1 (Net Capital Rule) & Rule 15c3-3 (Customer Protection & Reserve Formula)
- Regulation Best Interest (Reg BI) & Regulation ATS / Regulation NMS
Regulatory Reporting & Audit Obligations
Monthly/Quarterly FOCUS Reports (Form X-17A-5) and annual financial statements audited by a PCAOB-registered accounting firmConsolidated Audit Trail (CAT) real-time order-event reporting and Rule 13f-1 institutional holdings disclosuresSuspicious Activity Reports (SARs) via FinCEN BSA E-Filing within 30 calendar days of detection
Cross-Border Equivalence & Passporting
No automatic foreign passporting; non-U.S. broker-dealers rely on SEC Rule 15a-6 chaperoning arrangements with a registered U.S. broker-dealer to solicit Major U.S. Institutional Investors.
Supervised institutions & SEC licence records in our database
37 licence records referencing SEC (37 regulated/registered).
| Institution | Licence number | Status | Licensed legal entity | Effective date | Verification |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Doo Prime | 8-41551 | Regulated | DOO FINANCIAL US, INC. | — | |
| Coinbase | 1163082 | Regulated | Coinbase, Inc. | 2014-04-01 | |
| OKX | Number pending check | Regulated | Okcoin Philippines Technology Co. Ltd. | — | |
| OKX | 1767779 | Regulated | OKCoin USA Inc | 2018-12-05 | |
| eToro | 8-70212 | Registered | ETORO USA SECURITIES INC. | 2023-03-31 | |
| CoinZoom | 1735216 | Regulated | CoinZoom, Inc. | 2018-09-27 | |
| TradeZero | 8-69736 | Regulated | TRADEZERO AMERICA, INC. | 2019 | |
| BAM(Global network record) | 1906829 | Regulated | BAM Trading Services Inc. | 2019-02-04 | |
| Binance(Global network record) | Not supplied | Regulated | Gulf Binance | 2023 | |
| Robinhood(Global network record) | 1702840 | Regulated | Robinhood Crypto, LLC | — | |
| Robinhood(Global network record) | 1990968 | Regulated | Robinhood Money, LLC | — | |
| Robinhood(Global network record) | 0001561014 | Regulated | Robinhood | — | |
| CheckOut(Global network record) | 1791692 | Regulated | Checkout | 2017-11-29 | |
| Okcoin(Global network record) | 1767779 | Regulated | OKCoin USA Inc | 2018-12-05 | |
| Okcoin(Global network record) | Number pending check | Regulated | Okcoin Philippines Technology Co. Ltd. | — | |
| OKCoin Japan(Global network record) | 1767779 | Regulated | OKCoin USA Inc | 2018-12-05 | |
| OKCoin Japan(Global network record) | Number pending check | Regulated | Okcoin Philippines Technology Co. Ltd. | — | |
| StoneX(Global network record) | CRD 136795 / SEC 8-68179 | Regulated | StoneX Financial Inc. | 2015 | |
| bitFlyer(Global network record) | 1528491 | Regulated | bitFlyer USA, Inc. | 2017-02-20 | |
| Eddid Financial(Global network record) | 8-70253 | Registered | EDDID SECURITIES USA INC. | — | |
| Farmers(Global network record) | CIK 0000714537 | Regulated | F & M Bank Corp. | 1984 | |
| XTX(Global network record) | 8‐70009 | Regulated | XTX MARKETS LLC | 2017-12-13 | |
| Bitstamp(Global network record) | 1905429 | Regulated | Bitstamp USA, Inc. | 2020-02-24 | |
| Gemini(Global network record) | 1518126 | Regulated | Gemini Trust Company,LLC | 2016-02-02 | |
| Pionex(Global network record) | 2284360 | Regulated | Pionex | 2021-07-12 | |
| Binance.US(Global network record) | 1906829 | Regulated | BAM Trading Services Inc. | — | |
| Bitwise(Global network record) | 801-122073 | Regulated | Bitwise Asset Management, Inc. | 2017 | |
| coinlion(Global network record) | 1737546 | Regulated | Coin Lion, LLC | 2018-07-16 | |
| Huobi(Global network record) | Not supplied | Regulated | บริษัท หั่วปี้ (ประเทศไทย) จํากัด Huobi | — | |
| JPMorgan Chase & Co(Global network record) | 0000019617 | Regulated | JPMORGAN CHASE & CO | — | |
| NAL(Global network record) | Number pending check | Regulated | Sterling Bank Limited | — | |
| Worldpay(Global network record) | 1139280 | Regulated | Worldpay | 1985-04-08 | |
| Bitazza(Global network record) | Number pending check | Regulated | Bitazza Co., Ltd | — | |
| bitkub(Global network record) | Not supplied | Regulated | Bitkub Online Co.,Ltd. | — | |
| ERX(Global network record) | 310280090003 | Regulated | ERX Limited | — | |
| GMO-Z.com(Global network record) | 310180070002 | Regulated | GMO-Z.com Cryptoomics (Thailand) Co., Ltd. | — | |
| Quidax(Global network record) | Number pending check | Regulated | Quidax Technologies Limited | 2024 |
SEC (Thailand): institutional licensing & due diligence FAQ
Key statutory capital, compensation, custody segregation, and verification answers for compliance teams.
What are the primary licensing classes and minimum capital requirements under SEC (Thailand)?
SEC (Securities and Exchange Commission, Thailand) supervises financial institutions in Thailand under Securities Act of 1933 & Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. § 78a et seq.) and Investment Advisers Act of 1940 & Investment Company Act of 1940 (Rule 6c-11 ETF Framework). Key statutory authorisation classes include: Form BD (Clearing BD) (Carrying & Clearing Broker-Dealer Registration — min. capital: USD $250,000 minimum Net Capital (or 2% of aggregate debit items under the Alternative Standard; often USD $10M+ for prime brokers).); Form BD (Introducing BD) (Non-Carrying / Introducing Broker-Dealer — min. capital: USD $5,000 to USD $50,000 minimum Net Capital depending on dealer vs agency-only scope.); Form ADV (Federal RIA) (SEC-Registered Investment Adviser — min. capital: Minimum USD $100 million in Regulatory Assets Under Management (RAUM) for federal registration (no fixed statutory capital floor unless holding custody).); Form ATS-N (Alternative Trading System / Dark Pool Operator — min. capital: Subject to Broker-Dealer Net Capital Rule 15c3-1 + Fair Access & Reg SCI systems integrity capital.). Ongoing prudential supervision requires strict adherence to capital adequacy and liquidity buffers.
Does SEC provide statutory investor compensation and mandatory client asset segregation?
Under SEC's framework, investor protection is governed by Securities Investor Protection Corporation (SIPC) with maximum coverage of USD $500,000 per customer capacity (including up to USD $250,000 for cash claims) (Retail and institutional securities brokerage customers of SIPC-member broker-dealers (excludes commodity futures or unregistered digital asset contracts).). For client money and custody assets, supervised firms must comply with SEC Rule 15c3-3 (17 CFR § 240.15c3-3 — Customer Protection Rule), performing mandatory physical possession or control of fully paid and excess margin securities; weekly/daily special reserve bank account computation. with qualified u.s. bank or registered clearing agency (dtcc / nscc) free of any lien or encumbrance by the broker-dealer..
How does SEC regulate digital assets, crypto exchanges (VASPs/CASPs), and stablecoins?
SEC's digital-asset regime is structured around Spot Crypto ETP Approvals, Special Purpose Broker-Dealer (SPBD) & Howey Investment Contract Enforcement (Active federal enforcement & Spot Bitcoin/Ether ETP Exchange-Traded Product surveillance-sharing framework.). Custody and AML/CFT compliance obligations require: Qualified Custodian requirement under Advisers Act Rule 206(4)-2; joint FinCEN BSA/AML Travel Rule compliance above USD $3,000.
How can I verify an institution's SEC licence number and check our 37 recorded licence entries?
Our database currently tracks 37 licence records referencing SEC (37 marked regulated or registered). To verify a counterparty at the primary source, open SEC's official public register (http://www.sec.or.th/), search by the exact reference number and legal entity name, and confirm that the firm's domain and permitted activities match its statutory authorisation.
Related regulatory & market structure briefings
Research and compliance analysis from Sovereign Tax Atlas relevant to SEC and Thailand.
Sovereign Tax & Treaty Architecture
OECD Pillar Two 15% Global Minimum Tax (QDMTT, IIR & UTPR), CARF Digital-Asset Reporting, and Cross-Border Financial Withholding Tax Architecture (2026)
An authoritative 2026 sovereign tax reference analyzing OECD/G20 GloBE 15% minimum effective tax rate (ETR) mechanics, QDMTT/IIR/UTPR charging priority for multinational banks and brokers, Investment Entity exclusions, IRC Section 871(m) dividend equivalents, and OECD CARF / EU DAC8 automatic exchange.
Institutional Fund Domiciles & Family Office Regimes
Institutional Fund Domiciles & Treaty Withholding Tax Matrix: Ireland ICAV, Luxembourg RAIF & Singapore 13O/13U (2026)
Institutional fund domicile selection between an Irish ICAV, a Luxembourg RAIF, and a Singapore Section 13O/13U vehicle determines whether U.S.-source equity dividends suffer the 30.0% statutory IRS withholding rate or a reduced 15.0% bilateral treaty rate (Source: IRS Publication 515, 2026-01-15).
FATCA, CRS & Cross-Border Information Exchange
Singapore MAS Section 13O (S$20M) & Section 13U (S$50M) Family Office Tax Exemption: Statutory vs. Bilateral Treaty Withholding Tax Rate Matrix (2026) (0.0% Exempt Specified Income Tax Benchmark)
Singapore MAS Section 13O (S$20M) & Section 13U (S$50M) Family Office Tax Exemption (SG-13O-13U-VCC) stands at 0.0% (Exempt Specified Income Tax) (Source: Monetary Authority of Singapore / IRAS, 2026-10-20), governing di
OECD Pillar Two & Global Minimum Tax
Singapore MAS Section 13O (S$20M) & Section 13U (S$50M) Family Office Tax Exemption: Economic Substance, Minimum AUM & Local Staffing Qualification Rules (0.0% Exempt Specified Income Tax Benchmark)
Singapore MAS Section 13O (S$20M) & Section 13U (S$50M) Family Office Tax Exemption (SG-13O-13U-VCC) stands at 0.0% (Exempt Specified Income Tax) (Source: Monetary Authority of Singapore / IRAS, 2026-10-20), governing de
Statutory licensing classes, base capital rules, and investor protection summaries for SEC (Thailand) are maintained for institutional benchmarking and do not constitute legal advice. Always verify current rulebooks and active firm authorisations directly on SEC’s official public register.